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  • Guide to Developing on Layer One X
    • Contents
    • L1X vs. Other Chains
    • L1X Technology Overview
      • X-Talk Overview
      • L1X System Architecture
      • XTalk Deep Dive
  • L1X Documentation
    • Setup L1X Development Environment
  • Use Cases
    • Use Case 1: Decentralised Finance (DeFi)
      • Key Components and Protocols
      • Use Case Implementation Examples
      • Future Trends and Innovations
    • Use Case 2: Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs)
      • Applications in Art, Gaming, and Collectibles
      • Use Case Examples and Case Studies
      • Emerging Trends in NFTs
    • Use Case 3: Identity Management
      • Importance of Self-Sovereign Identity
      • Use Cases in Identity Verification and Authentication
      • Projects and Initiatives in Identity Management
      • Privacy and Security Considerations
    • Use Case 4: Content Monetisation
      • Challenges in Content Monetisation
      • Blockchain Solutions for Micropayments and Royalties
      • Use Case Examples in Publishing, Music, and Media
      • Future Opportunities and Trends
    • Use Case 5: Voting and Governance
      • Advantages of Blockchain in Voting Systems
      • Use Cases in Elections, Polls, and Governance
      • Projects and Platforms for Decentralised Voting
      • Challenges and Considerations
    • Use Case 6: Decentralised Storage
      • Problems with Centralised Storage Solutions
      • Use Cases in Decentralised File Storage
      • Projects and Platforms for Decentralised Storage
      • Scalability and Performance Challenges
    • Use Case 7: Gaming and Virtual Worlds
      • Introduction to Blockchain Gaming
      • Use Cases in Virtual Economies, Assets, and Ownership
      • Notable Projects and Success Stories
      • Trends and Innovations in Blockchain Gaming
    • Use Case 8: Healthcare and Medical Records
      • Importance of Data Integrity and Security in Healthcare
      • Use Cases in Medical Records Management
      • Projects and Initiatives in Health Data Management
      • Regulatory Compliance and Privacy Concerns
    • Use Case 9: Decentralised Autonomous Organisations (DAOs)
      • Understanding DAOs
      • Use Cases in Governance, Funding, and Decision Making
      • Future Developments
    • Use Case 10: Supply Chain Management
      • Overview of Supply Chain Challenges
      • Blockchain Solutions in Supply Chain
      • Use Case Examples in Tracking and Traceability
      • Potential Benefits and Challenges
  • Get Started with L1X SDE
    • L1X Workspace Overview
      • L1X SDE toolkit architecture
    • Development Workspace Environment & Contract Types
      • 1 - Contemporary Contracts
      • 2 - ERC20 Contract Deployment and Cross Contract Call
      • 3 - X-Talk Flow Cross Chain Contract
      • 4 - Balancer-v2
  • Build with Developer Playground
    • Developer Playground Resource
  • Core Concepts
    • Account
    • Address
    • Transaction
    • Smart Contract
    • Contract Lifecycle (VM)
    • Cross-Contract call
      • L1X VM Cross-Contract Calls
      • L1X VM-EVM Cross Contract Calls
    • Cluster
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  1. Core Concepts

Contract Lifecycle (VM)

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Last updated 1 year ago

Introduction

The entire smart contract development flow goes through three phases:

  • Smart-Contract development. A developer writing a smart contract on L1X. They will be using Rust programming language which provides a safe and efficient environment for contract development. L1X Smart Contract SDK provides them a safe API they can use to build such contracts.

  • Building the smart-contract. The code goes through various transformations to reach its final form.

    • Macro pre-processing. By leveraging Rust’s powerful metaprogramming capabilities we can create high-level abstractions for the ease of development on L1X.

    • LLVM. The LLVM compiler infrastructure will be used for compiling and optimizing Rust code into the platform-agnostic LLVM Intermediate Representation (IR).

    • LLVM IR -> WASM. Enabled by the existing LLVM compilation capabilities.

    • WASM -> eBPF. A custom translator takes the generated WASM file and translates it to eBPF bytecode.

  • Running. The resulting ELF file with eBPF bytecode is the contract binary that developer publishes on-chain.

    • L1X VM. The Layer One X Virtual Machine responsible for executing the smart contracts in a secure and efficient manner, integrating with the L1X blockchain and handling state updates.

L1X VM Flow